Millbrook Tack Blog

How to Protect Your Horse from Equine Herpes Virus 1 (EHV-1) and Other Infectious Diseases

Equine health is always a top priority for responsible horse owners, and recent outbreaks of Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) and strangles have highlighted the importance of biosecurity. Infectious diseases can spread quickly, especially in boarding barns, showgrounds, and breeding facilities. Understanding how to prevent and manage these diseases can save your horse from serious illness and even prevent fatal consequences.

Understanding Equine Herpes Virus 1 (EHV-1) and Other Common Equine Infectious Diseases

Equine Herpes Virus 1 (EHV-1) is a highly contagious virus that affects the respiratory system, reproductive health, and in severe cases, the nervous system. Horses infected with EHV-1 may show signs such as fever, nasal discharge, lethargy, and in severe cases, neurological issues leading to weakness and incoordination.

Other common infectious diseases include:

• Strangles – A bacterial infection causing swollen lymph nodes, fever, and nasal discharge.

• Influenza – A respiratory virus leading to coughing, fever, and loss of appetite.

• Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) – A virus transmitted by biting insects, often requiring infected horses to be quarantined for life or euthanized.

• Rabies – A rare but fatal neurological disease transmitted through saliva from an infected animal.

By implementing strong biosecurity measures, you can significantly reduce the risk of your horse contracting these diseases.

Read more about recent EHV-1 outbreaks

1. Vaccination: The First Line of Defense

Vaccinations are a crucial tool in disease prevention. While there is no vaccine that fully prevents EHV-1 neurological strain, vaccines do help reduce the severity and spread of the virus. Routine vaccinations for influenza, strangles, and rabies are also critical. Vaccination for equine influenza is especially important to prevent respiratory infections that can weaken a horse’s immune system, making them more susceptible to secondary infections. Work with your veterinarian to develop a vaccination schedule based on your horse’s age, health, and exposure risk.

Recommended Products:

• Vaccine Storage & Handling Supplies – Keep vaccines properly stored with temperature-controlled coolers.

• Horse Health Supplements – Support immune health with high-quality vitamin and mineral supplements.

2. Biosecurity Measures at Home and on the Road

Whether you’re managing a private barn or traveling to events, biosecurity is key to preventing disease spread.

At Home:

• Isolate new or returning horses for at least 14 days before integrating them into the herd.

• Use separate equipment for each horse, including feed buckets, water troughs, and grooming supplies.

• Disinfect stalls and shared spaces regularly with veterinary-approved disinfectants.

• Minimize nose-to-nose contact between horses, especially with unfamiliar ones.

While Traveling:

• Avoid communal water sources at shows and clinics.

• Sanitize stalls before placing your horse in them at a competition venue.

• Disinfect boots, tack, and transport vehicles upon returning home.

• Limit direct horse-to-horse contact at events.

Recommended Products:

• Disinfectant Sprays & Stall Cleaners – Essential for sanitizing high-traffic areas.

• Travel-Ready Water Buckets & Feed Tubs – Reduce the risk of cross-contamination.

3. Monitoring for Early Signs of Illness

Early detection can make a significant difference in controlling an outbreak. Check your horse’s vital signs regularly and be alert for symptoms such as:

• Fever (over 101.5°F)

• Nasal discharge or persistent coughing

• Loss of appetite

• Swollen lymph nodes

• Neurological signs such as weakness or difficulty walking

If your horse shows any of these symptoms, contact your veterinarian immediately and isolate the horse from others.

Recommended Products:

• Equine Thermometers – A must-have for monitoring your horse’s temperature.

• Electrolytes & Hydration Support – Help sick horses stay hydrated and maintain electrolyte balance.

4. Boosting Your Horse’s Immune System

A strong immune system is one of the best defenses against disease. Proper nutrition, stress management, and supplementation can help keep your horse in top shape.

Key Strategies:

• Provide high-quality forage and balanced nutrition to support immune health.

• Ensure your horse has access to fresh water at all times.

• Minimize stress by maintaining a consistent routine, turnout schedule, and social interactions.

• Consider immune-supporting supplements such as probiotics, vitamin E, and omega-3 fatty acids.

Recommended Products:

• Immune-Boosting Supplements – Targeted formulas to support overall health.

• Slow Feed Hay Nets & Watering Systems – Help reduce stress and encourage healthy digestion.

5. Quarantine Protocols: What to Do If an Outbreak Occurs

If a horse in your barn or at an event is diagnosed with an infectious disease, take immediate action to prevent the spread:

• Isolate the infected horse at least 40 feet away from healthy horses.

• Restrict barn access and implement a footbath station for anyone entering or leaving the barn.

• Assign one caretaker for sick horses and require protective clothing (separate boots, gloves, etc.).

• Disinfect shared surfaces daily.

• Monitor all horses for signs of illness.

If an outbreak occurs, follow local veterinary and state guidelines on reporting and containment.

Recommended Products:

• Quarantine Supplies – Stall guards, signage, and disposable protective gear.

• Hand Sanitizers & Footbaths – Prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses.

Final Thoughts

Preventing infectious diseases in horses requires a proactive approach through vaccination, biosecurity, and proper horse care. By implementing these strategies, you can help protect your horse and others in your barn from serious health risks.

Stay informed about equine disease outbreaks and always work with your veterinarian to keep your horse as healthy as possible.

Read more about the latest equine health updates here